Gymnema sylvestre

Gymnema sylvestre

Taxonavigation

edit
Taxonavigation: Gentianales 
Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Asclepiadoideae
Tribus: Marsdenieae
Genus: Gymnema
Species: Gymnema sylvestre

Name

edit

Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. in A.Rees, 1811.

Synonyms

edit
  • Basionym
    • Periploca sylvestris Retz., Observ. Bot. 2: 15 (1781).
  • Homotypic
    • Marsdenia sylvestris (Retz.) P.I.Forst., Austral. Syst. Bot. 8: 694 (1995).
  • Heterotypic
    • Apocynum alterniflorum Lour., Fl. Cochinch.: 168 (1790).
    • Periploca tenuifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 129 (1820), nom. illeg.
    • Strophanthus alterniflorus (Lour.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 1: 638 (1824).
    • Gymnema parvifolium Wall., Tent. Fl. Napal.: 50 (1826).
    • Cynanchum subvolubile Schumach. & Thonn. in C.F.Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 150 (1827).
    • Asclepias geminata Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 2: 45 (1832).
    • Gymnema rufescens Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 277 (1838).
    • Gymnema subvolubile (Schumach. & Thonn.) Decne., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 9: 277 (1838).
    • Conocalpis umbellata Bojer ex Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 621 (1844).
    • Cynanchum senegalense Sieber ex Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 621 (1844), not validly publ.
    • Gymnema affine Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 622 (1844).
    • Gymnema humile Decne. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 8: 621 (1844).
    • Gymnema melicida Edgew., J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 21: 174 (1852).
    • Gymnema sylvestre var. chinense Benth., Hooker's J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 54 (1853).
    • Gymnema mkenii Harv., Gen. S. Afr. Pl., ed. 2: 239 (1868), nom. nud.
    • Gymnema sylvestre var. ceylanicum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 29 (1883).
    • Gymnema formosanum Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 3: 307 (1907).
    • Gymnema sylvestre var. affine (Decne.) Tsiang, Sunyatsenia 2: 197 (1934).
    • Gymnema alterniflorum (Lour.) Merr., Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n.s., 24(2): 318 (1935).

Distribution

edit
Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Africa
      • Burkina Faso, Mali, Guinea, Mauritania, Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Chad, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, D.R. Congo (Zaire), Congo (Brazzaville), Central African Republic, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Rwanda, Burundi, W-Tanzania, N-Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal), Namibia, Botswana, Madagascar
  • Continental: Asie
      • China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Taiwan, India (E-, N- & peninsular India), Indonesia, Ryukyu Isl., peninsular Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Nepal, Laos

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

edit
edit


  For more multimedia, look at Gymnema sylvestre on Wikimedia Commons.